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Overview of the endangered peoples of the former Soviet Union.
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Translated by: SIRJE AINSAAR,
Edited by: ANDREW HUMPHREYS and KRISTA MITS
Layout: TERJE MÄEPALU,
In the cliché-ridden propaganda of the Soviet era tsarist Russia was frequently
dubbed the “prison of nations”. When the Soviets came into power this “prison”,
by virtue of new national
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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Self-designation . In 17th and 18th century sources and in travel books
of the 19th century, the following names have been used to denote the South
Altaics: Mountain Kalmyks, White Kalmyks (applied especially to the Teleuts),
Altaics or Kalmyks by the Biya. The Altaics were often incorrectly
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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The self-designation of the coastal Chukchis is ankalyn , "coastal man",
and of the tundra Chukchis, chavchu , "reindeer man". The name lygoravetlyan
-- "true, genuine man" covers both tribes. In the 1920s, the name was adapted
as the official name Luorawetlan . In
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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Self-designation . The people known as the Chulym Tatars (or Turks) have
used as self-designations the names of the tribes (e.g. Küärük -- Russ.
They have no single definitive name.
The earliest information about the Chulym Tatars dates from Russian colonists
of the late 16th century. It is
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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The self-designation is dolghan , dulghan (meaning probably 'people living
on the middle reaches of the river'), but the following names have also
been used: toa , pl. toalar , toakihi , pl. toakihilär 'people of the wood',
toatagolar 'nomadic people', tagal or tägäl , 'a tribe, a people'. The
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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Enets ( enet'-enche ) is the self-designation of this ethnic group the original
meaning of which is 'a human being, a man'. In most cases the adjective
enej -- onaj (real, genuine) is added; i.e. enej enet or 'Enets, a real
human being'. In a similar manner the Enets language is called onaj
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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The self-designation of the Evens is, for a part of them, even and oven ,
and for another part orochel (the reindeer people). There are others still.
Formerly, the Evens were known as the Lamuts. This name can be seen in
Russian sources of the 17th century. In the Even language lamu means the
sea
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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Self-designation . The Evenks were formerly known as tungus . This designation
was spread by the Russians, who acquired it from the Yakuts and the Siberian
Tatars (in the Yakut language tongus ) in the 17th century. The Evenks have
several self-designations of which the best known is even , evenk
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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Self-designation . The Itelmens use the self-designation itenme'n-itelmen
which means 'an inhabitant of dry land, a human being'. Since the first
written data in the middle of the 18th century (S. Krasheninnikov), the
Itelmens have been known as the Kamchadals, that is, the inhabitants of
waiting for hand_moderation
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Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire.
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The self-designation is ket 'man' (plural deng 'men, people'). The Kets
who live on the Kas, Sym and Dubches rivers use the name jugun for themselves.
The Russians, who did not much differentiate between the Siberian peoples
in the 17th century, called them Ostyak . Later, they became known as
waiting for hand_moderation
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